Brick and tile machine



4 Sheets-Sheet 1 J. G. MQKENZIE.

Brick and Tile Machine.

Patented Oct. 19,1880.

H. V K q J0 (3 w Jive/7105072 4 Sheets--Sheet 2. J. O. MoKENZ-IE. I

Brick and Til Machine. No. 233,535. Patented Oct. 19,1880.

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4Sheets-Sheet 3.

J. G. MCKENZIE.

Brick and Tile Machine. No. 233, 35. Patented Oct. 19,1880

4 Shets sheet l.

J. O. MCKENZIE.

Brick and Tile Machine.

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N. PEIERS. PHOT0-LITMOGRAPNER. WASHINGTON, D c.

JOSEPH O. MCKENZIE, OF ADRIAN, MICHIGAN.

BRICK AND TILE MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 233,535, dated October19, 1880.

Application filed January 17, 1880.

T 0 all whom it may concern: Be it known that I, J OSEPH O. MCKENZIE,

' of Adrian, in the county of Lenawee and State a slab of clay exudesfrom the pug-mill or tempering-chamberandis cutinto suitablelengths,forming bricks or tiles; and it consists in the construction andoperation of parts hereinafter described.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification,similar letters of reference refer to similar parts throughout theseveral views.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section taken upon the line 00 x ofFig. 2. Fig. 2 is a plan view with a part of the frame removed. Fig. 2is a view, partly in section, showing the clutch. Fig. 3 is a frontelevation. Fig. 4 is a plan view of the die-plate. Fig. 5 is a plan viewof the end of the tempering-chamber with the die-plate removed. Fig. 6is a plan view of the inner side of a die. Fig. 6 is a sectional viewupon the line y y of Fig. 6. Fig. 7 is a view of the inner side ofamodified form of die. Fig. 8 is a view of the hollow shaft, showing thefriction-washers and sleeve ready to be stepped in place. Fig. 9 is aview of the core-pin, a square and a revolving core, friction-washers,and nut. Fig. 9 shows details of the core and core-pin. Fig. 10 is aside elevation of the cutting-table. Fig. ll is a plan View ofcutting-table, and Fig. 12 is a section upon the line z z of Fig. 10.

A denotes the frame, constructed and arranged in any suitable manner,which supports a pug-mill or tempering-chamber, B. The latter is madepreferably of iron and tapering on all its sides toward the front end.

A horizontal tempering-shaft, G, seated in bearings a in the frame and bin the rear end of the tempering-chamber, extends forward through thecenter of the tempering-chamber to near/the front end of saidtemperingchamher. The bearings a should be placed far enough back of thehearing I) to have the shaft,'when carrying its cog-wheel, balance onthe bearing b, thus precluding the necessity for any support for thefront end of the shaft.

The shaft 0 is made preferably of steel, cast hollow for the purpose ofgetting the greatest diameter with a given weight of metal, there- 5 byproviding a large surface for the bearingat a and b, rendered necessaryby the extension of the shaft into the tempering-chamber wit-hont abearing for the front end. I

The shaft 0 is cast tapering toward its front end for the purpose ofdispensing, as far as possible, with weight of metal at its front end,and to facilitate the quick and easy movement of the sleeves D to andfrom their proper places. This shaft has a rabbet,c, extending from thehearing I) to its front end, for the reception of a shoulder, c, on theinside of the sleeve.

The bearing (1. receives the rear end of the shaft against two washers,cl 6, provided with lubricating-grooves to ease the friction resultin gfrom the backward thrust of the shaft.

The rear end of the shaft is turned down to enter the bearing a andproduce a shoulder, f, which bears against the front end of bearin g a.7 5

The shaft is provided with a collar, 9, having a set-screw, which isplaced against the rear end of the bearing 1), for the purpose ofresisting a forward movement of the shaft during the transportation ofthe machine from point to point. Near its rear end, j ust in front ofthe bearing a, the shaft carries a cog-wheel,

E, attached thereto, which engages with a loose pinion, h, upon a smallshaft, F. This shaft carries a band-wheel, G, which is attached to itsend and communicates motion to the machine, and a clutch, H, whichslides upon a feather, 2', and engages the loose pinion h, beingoperated by a lever, 70 upon an adjoining part of the frame. The featherc ex- 0 tends to a point adjacent to the pinion, and, together with theflange l, which extends beyond the periphery of the pinion alongside ofthe cog-wheel, prevents the lateral motion of the loose pinion.

The sleeves D have a taper corresponding to the taper of'a relativeportion of the tempering-shaft, and each sleeve has its own position onthe shaft, which is determined by its internal diameter, and when inthat position it fits the shaft snugly, but will permit of an easymovement toward the front end when the core-pin has been removed. Eachsleeve is provided with an internal shoulder, c, that fitsthe rabbet cof the shaft and extends the entire length of the sleeve. The sleeveadjoining the bearing 1) is provided with a beveled flange, m, whichextends over the projectin g part of the bearing and excludes the clayfrom said bearing.

The sleeves D are placed upon the tempering-shaft contiguously, and forma complete shield and covering for the shaft extending from thebearing 1) to the core-pin, and each sleeve carries two knives, I, whichare situated opposite each other. The sleeves are successively slid totheir places upon the shaft, and the last one held in its place by thecore-pin J. The last sleeve placed upon the shaft has, in lieu of twoknives, a double screw-blade extending from end to end of the sleeve,each making one complete circuit of the sleeve.

The core-pin J has a flange, n, and a screw, 0, the latter fitting thethread in the end of the tempering-shaft, the flange n serving to retainthe sleeves upon the shaft. Upon this core-pin is placed a hollow core,K, within which the core-pin revolves freely. The core K is readilyremovable, and is held on the pin. by two lubricating-washers, p q, andnut 'r.

In using the machine a round core is used for tile and a square one isused for square hollow brick, and any other form of core desired may beplaced upon the core-pin.

When other than a round core is used it must be held stationary whilethe core-pin revolves within the core. For this purpose an arm, L, isused, with its upper end formed to fit the particular form of core usedand its lower end attached to the die-plate by a setscrew, 8, so that itcan be removed when round tile or solid brick are made.

The core, core-pin, nut, and washers are removed from thetempering-shaft when brick or other solid articles are made, and aflanged screw inserted to keep the thread free from clay.

The lubricating-washers p g each have a circular groove just within theperiphery, extending entirely around the washer, and from this grooveother grooves lead to the center, com in g in contact with the core-pin.These grooves are filled with a suitable lubricant, and are placed uponthe core-pin with the grooves inward.

M represents the front or mouth of the tempering-chamber B, which isprovided with In gs t for the reception of adjusting-screws u and lugs cfor the reception of the rods which hold the die-plate N. The die-plateN has a central opening, which is provided with a flange, 0, whichextends into the tempering-chamber a suitable distance and supports theremovable arm L. Into the opening in the die-plate a die, P, is placed,and attached to the face of the plate by screws passing through itslugs, or by any other suitable means.

Itis necessary that the die fit the plate neatly and that it be centeredaccurately. To render this easy and of quick accomplishment the die isprovided with a circular centering-flan ge,

w, which fits the opening in face-plate, thus bringing the die to aproper center with regard to the core.

The opening molding-orifice in the center of the die should be of theform desired for the top sides and bottom of the article to be made.When this molding-orifice has corners or angles of any description theinner end of the molding-orifice is beveled or chamfered and rounded atthe angles to a point about onehalf of the distance toward thefront endof the die, as shown at w in FigsG and 7 of the drawings. The resultobtained by this construction is a greater amount of clay-pressure tothe corners, which produces aclean, sharp, welldcfined, and well-formedangle, dispensing entirely with the ragged-edged broken-cornered brickscommon when the die is used in brittle clay without the beveled corners.

Attached to the front side of the die by any suitable means is asupport, Q, conforming to the shape of the lower half of themoldingorifice, for sustaining the slab of clay in its passage from thedie to the cutting-table.

When the slab of clay has been expressed from the molding-orifice of thedie it passes over the support Q and onto the rollery of thecutting-frame R, and passes on in a continuous slab to thecutting-wires, where it is cut into the desired lengths for brick ortile, as the case may be.

The cutting-frame R consists of two parallel bars, S S, braced acrossthe ends and center by bars 2 z z and mounted upon four wheels, 2 z z z,which travel upon two parallel rails, U, sustained by any suitableframe, the frame shown consisting of two standards at each end, andbraced near the bottom. Pivoted to the center of the bars 2 z is a framecomposed of two rods, 3 3 between which the cutting-wires w areextended. One end of this frame is provided with a circular lever, to,which is attached to the upper and lower part of the frame and extendsover and passes under the rails U and inside their supports, so that thecutting-table is limitedinits movement in that direction. The movementof the frame in the opposite direction is limited b the stop 11.

The cutting-table, bearing the frame with the cutting-wires, travelseasily and freely upon the rails S S within the limits provided, and hasa clamping device for seizing the slab of clay and compelling it to pushthe cutting-table along with it while the cut is being made,

so that the cut will be square across the slab Q of clay.

The clamping device is constructed of two arms, s 8 curved inward attheir lower ends, and provided at their upper ends with oblong plates rW, and pivoted at g g to a pendant, hanging from the central bar, 2,their lower ends being slotted and passed over a pin, 0, attached to asliding bar, a, set into the pendant p, and bearing a friction-roller,m.

The lower end of the sliding bar is bolted to a foot-lever, Z, which isattached to the pendant p at its short end, and has its long endconnected to the cutting-frame by a spring, is. The function of thespring is to hold up the lever and thus throw the clamping-plates r rapart.

The rod g has a pendent cam, 41, which engages with the friction-rollerm in such a manner that upon the movement of the cuttingframe from itsposition, as shown in Fig. 11 of drawings, the sliding bar a will bedepressed and in turn depress the lower ends-of the arms 8' s and bringtheir upper ends, bearin g the plates 1'' 0, against the slab of clay amoment before the cutting-wires reach it.

A gate, V, extends across the cutting-table a suitable distance in frontof the last cuttingwire, and is hinged at each end to the bars S S. Tothe back of this gate an arm, a, is attached, which extends downward,with a curve outward, to a point below the bottom of the gate, where ittakes a horizontal outward direction for a suitable distance, and whenthe gate is up rests upon a friction-roller,t',which is supported by anarm extending downward and under the bar S to the frame for a support.

The operation of my device is as follows: The clay to be made intobricks is dumped into the hopper near the rear end of thetempering-chamber without any water, unless it is unusually dry, andhaving been out up by the knives and rendered in its passage to thescrew sufliciently ductile, it is forced through the molding-orifice bythe screw, and a steady stream, constituting a stifi slab of clay, isforced out over the support onto the rollers of the cutting-table, overwhich it travels until the gate V- is reached. The moment the gate istouched by the end of the slab the inertia of the cutting-table isovercome and it moves with the slab. At this moment the operator shouldseize the cutting-frame and make the desired out before the horizontalpart of the arm it passes over the friction-roller t and the gate falls.If the gate is allowed to fall before the cut is completed, the entirepushing of the cutting-table falls onto the clamping device. Immediatelywith the fall of the gate the articles cut from the slab should becarried off to dry, and the cutting-table should be moved back to thefront of the frame, so that the gate will resume its proper position bythe arm passing over the friction-roller, and be ready for the next cut.Being provided with an abundance of rollers, the table is easily pushedunder the gradually-advancing slab of clay.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secureLetters Patent forl. A tubular tapering tempering-shaft constructedsubstantially as shown and described.

2. A removable flanged core-pin for holding the sleeves upon thetemperin g-shaft, substantially as shown and described.

3. A core-pin attached to the front end of the tempering-shaft andrevolving freely within the core, substantially as shown and described.

4. A hollow core, in combination with a revolvin g core-pin,lubricating-washers, and nut, substantially as shown and described.

5. A revolving core-pin, washers, and nut, in combination with a hollowcore and device for holding an angular core stationary, substantially asshown and described.

6. A locking device for the screw of a brick and tile machine,consisting of a taperingshaft having a rabbet along one of its sides, incombination with a screw-sleeve having an internal shoulder 'and flangedcore-pin attached to the shaft, substantially as shown and described.

7. A lubricating-washer having a circular groove just within theperiphery for containing a lubricant, said groove having one or morechannels of communication with the central opening of the washer,substantially as shown and described.

8. In a brick and tile machine, the combination, substantially as shownand described, of a die-plate and a die having a centering-flange,substantially as shown and described.

9. In a brick and tile machine, a hollow tapering tempering-shaftsustained by two bearings, one in the rear end of the temperingehamberand one at the rear end of the shaft, in combination with a cog-wheelattached to the shaft near the end, substantially as shown anddescribed.

10. In a brick and tile machine, the combination of the cog-wheel andthe pinion having a flange extending beyond its periphery with thepinion-shaft having afeather with its end close to the pinion, for thepurpose of limiting the lateral play of the pinion, as set forth.

11. The gate having a projecting curved arm attached to its back, incombination with the friction-roller, arm, and frame, as set forth.

12. The pendant from the frame and a slidin g bar operated by a leverhaving a spring attached to its long end, in combination withclamping-arms, substantially as shown.

13. A'cutting-frame having a cam-bearing upon a friction-roller attachedto a sliding bar, which is, in turn, attached to the short arms ofclamping-arms pivoted to a pendant from the cutting-table, substantiallyas shown and described.

JOSEPH O. MCKENZIE.

Witnesses:

It. B. RoBBINs, A. BENNETT.

